Liveness and Reputation

1.0 Overview: The Two Sides of Reputation

On the Toto Chain, Reputation is a crucial metric that reflects a user's trustworthiness and engagement within the ecosystem. A higher reputation score can grant an account special privileges, such as the ability to become a validator or a member of the Technical Committee.

A user's total reputation is comprised of two distinct components:

1. Milestone Reputation: A score earned by completing specific, trust-building actions. These are significant, one-time or cumulative achievements that prove a user's commitment to the network.

2. Liveness Reputation: A dynamic score that measures a user's recent on-chain activity. This score increases when a user is active and gradually decreases during periods of inactivity.

A user's total standing is a combination of these two scores, rewarding both long-term achievements and consistent, current participation.

2.0 Milestone Reputation

This is the foundational layer of a user's reputation. It is designed to be stable and cumulative, reflecting significant actions that are difficult to game and represent genuine investment in the ecosystem. Once earned, milestone reputation does not decay.

2.1 Earning Milestone Reputation

Users build their milestone score by performing key actions that verify their identity and expand their "web of trust." Below is a breakdown of each action.

• Credential Attestations (Email, Google, Facebook, DNS) This is the process of linking a real-world, verifiable credential to your on-chain identity. A user proves their ownership of an external account (like an email address or domain name) to a trusted Attestation Provider. The provider then submits an attestation to the chain, confirming the link. This is a powerful trust signal, as it grounds an anonymous blockchain account in a known identity.

• Successful User Referral This action incentivizes network growth. When an existing user refers a new user to the chain and the new user officially accepts the referral on-chain, the original referrer gains a small amount of reputation. The cap prevents a single user from gaining unlimited reputation through automated means.

• Handshake ("Web of Trust") The handshake is a core mechanism for building a true web of trust. It represents a verified, real-world meeting between two users. The process involves a three-step on-chain interaction (request, confirm, complete) that must be finalized by a trusted Attestation Provider, ensuring its legitimacy. This is one of the highest-value actions as it builds a strong, verifiable social graph.

• Claiming a Full NFT Users are rewarded with fractional NFTs (fNFTs, or "puzzle pieces") for various on-chain activities. Successfully collecting a full set of these pieces and redeeming them for the complete NFT demonstrates a deep and sustained engagement with the chain's core reward mechanisms.

2.2 Reputation Values

The reputation values for these milestone actions are as follows:

Action	Proposed Reputation Gain	Maximum Possible	Notes
Email Credential Attestation	100,000		Verifying a unique email address via an Attestation Provider.
Google Credential Attestation	1,000,000		Verifying a unique Google account.
Facebook Credential Attestation	1,000,000		Verifying a unique Facebook account.
DNS Verification	2,500,000		Verifying ownership of a domain name.
Successful User Referral	100	100,000,000	Gained for each new user who accepts your referral (capped).
Handshake ("Web of Trust")	1,000,000	200,000,000	For each successfully completed and verified in-person meeting (capped).
Claiming a Full NFT	100,000	50,000,000	For each full NFT claimed by combining fNFTs (capped).
Activity Tracking	1 to 100	50,000,000	Amount gained depends on the activity and how often your interact with the chain.

These actions create a strong, baseline reputation score that is difficult to game and reflects genuine participation.

3.0 Liveness Reputation: The Activity Tracker

Liveness is a measure of how active a user currently is on the Toto Chain. It ensures that users with high reputation are not just early adopters who have become inactive, but are ongoing contributors to the network. This is managed by the Activity Tracker Pallet.

3.1 How Liveness Reputation is Calculated

The system does not assign a fixed reputation value to each type of transaction (e.g., a balance transfer vs. a handshake confirmation). Instead, the reputation gain is calculated based on the computational weight of the transaction.

Gaining Liveness: A user's liveness score increases every time they submit a transaction (an extrinsic) to the blockchain. The amount of reputation gained is proportional to the computational resources required to process that transaction.

• The Formula: The reputation increase is calculated by taking the transaction's ref_time (a measure of its execution time in picoseconds) and dividing it by a configurable value called the WeightToReputationFactor.

• In Practice:

  • Simple transactions (like a balances.transfer) are computationally "light," have a low weight, and provide a small liveness reputation boost.

  • Complex transactions (like deploying or interacting with a smart contract) are computationally "heavy," have a high weight, and provide a larger liveness reputation boost.

This weight-based system fairly rewards users based on their actual usage of the chain's resources. The total liveness reputation a user can gain from activity is capped at 50,000,000.

Liveness Decay: Liveness is not permanent. If a user stops transacting on the chain, their liveness score will gradually decay with every new block that is produced.

• The rate of decay is controlled by a DecayFactor and is applied exponentially. The longer a user is inactive, the more their liveness score will decrease.

• This decay mechanism ensures the liveness score is an accurate reflection of recent activity. When a user becomes active again, their reputation will begin to increase from its current decayed value.

3.2 Liveness Configuration Parameters

The entire system is configurable via the following runtime parameters:

• MaxActivityReputation: The maximum liveness reputation a user can accumulate. (Default: 1,000,000)

• WeightToReputationFactor: The divisor used to convert transaction weight into reputation points. A higher number means less reputation is awarded per unit of weight.

• DecayFactor: A value between 0 and 1,000,000 that determines the percentage of reputation that remains after each block of inactivity. A lower value means faster decay.

By combining a stable, milestone-based reputation with a dynamic, activity-based liveness score, the Toto Chain creates a fair and comprehensive system that incentivizes both initial trust-building and sustained participation.